అబ్బా ఛా! కాశ్మీర్ స్వతంత్ర దేశమే?

కమ్యూనిష్టు విద్రోహులకి విశ్వాసం ఎలాగూ ఉండదు, కృతజ్ఞత అనేమాటకి అర్థం తెలియదు. పాలుపోసిన చేతినే కాటేసే త్రాచుపాములలాంటివారు. ఇలాంటి చీకటి పుట్టుక చీకటి బ్రతుకుల కమ్యూనిష్టులకు కాశ్మీర్ విలువ తెలుస్తుందనుకోవటం మన మూర్ఖత్వమే. కానీ వీళ్ళు ప్రచారం చేసే విషయాలు చూస్తుంటే వీళ్లకి మిగతా జనాలెలా కనిపిస్తున్నారా అనిపిస్తుంది. మచ్చుకని తెలుగువార్తల బ్లాగులో కొన్ని విషయాలు చూద్దాం,మన విశేఖర్ గారు వ్రాసినవి.

1. పాలకులు చెబుతున్నట్లుగా భారత దేశంలో కాశ్మీరు విలీనం ఐన విషయం పూర్తి సత్యం కాదు. పాకిస్ధాన్ సైన్యం కాశ్మీరు మీదికి దండెత్తి వచ్చిన పరిస్ధితుల్లో రక్షణ కోసం తాత్కాలికంగా ఇండియాలో జమ్మూ & కాశ్మీరు స్వతంత్ర సంస్ధానం చేరింది. కొన్ని షరతులతో ఆ కలయిక జరిగింది.

ముందుగా - కాశ్మీర్ అనే పదం కా-శిమీర అనే మాటనుండి పుట్టింది. సంస్కృతంలో కా అనగా నిరు, శిమీర అనగా ఎండిన ప్రదేశము అని (ఒక పెద్ద సరస్సు ఎండగాసృష్టింపబడిన ప్రదేశము అని - 12 వ శతాబ్దపువాడైన కఌహణుడు రచించిన రాజతరంగిణి ఆధారంగా).

ఇక విలీనం విషయానికి వస్తే, అప్పటి రాజా హరిసింగ్ స్వయంగా సంతకం చేసిన ఒప్పందపు నకలు ఇదిగో:







దాని పూర్తి పాఠం:

Whereas, the Indian Independence Act, 1947, provided that as from the fifteenth day of August 1947, there shall be set up an independent dominion known as INDIA, and that the Government of India Act, 1935, shall, with such omissions, additions, adaptations and modifications as the Governor-General may by order specify, be applicable to the dominion of India.

And whereas the Government of India Act, 1935, as so adapted by the Governor-General provides that an Indian State may accede to the Dominion of India by an Instrument of Accession executed by the Ruler thereof.

Now, therefore, I Shriman Indar Mahandar Rajrajeshwar Maharajadhiraj Shri Hari Singhji, Jammu Kashmir Naresh Tatha Tibbet adi Deshadhipathi, Ruler of Jammu and Kashmir State, in the exercise of my sovereignty in and over my said State do hereby execute this my Instrument of Accession and I hereby declare that I accede to the Dominion of India with the intent that the Governor-General of India, the Dominion Legislature, the Federal Court and any other Dominion authority established for the purposes of the Dominion shall, by virtue of this my Instrument of Accession but subject always to the terms thereof, and for the purposes only of the Dominion, exercise in relation to the State of J&K (hereinafter referred to as `this State') such functions as may be vested in them by or under the Government of India Act, 1935, as in force in the Dominion of India, on the 15th day of August 1947 (which Act as so in force in hereafter referred to as "the Act").

I hereby assume the obligation of ensuring that due effect is given to the provisions of the Act within this State so far as they are applicable therein by virtue of this my Instrument of Accession.

I accept the matters specified in the Schedule hereto as the matters with respect to which the Dominion Legislature may make laws for this State.

I hereby declare that I accede to the Dominion of India on the assurance that if an agreement is made between the Governor-General and the Ruler of this State whereby any functions in relation to the administration in this State of any law of the Dominion Legislature shall be exercised by the Ruler of this State, then any such agreement shall be deemed to form part of this Instrument and shall be construed and have effect accordingly.

The terms of this my Instrument of Accession shall not be varied by any amendment of the Act or of the Indian Independence Act, 1947, unless such amendment is accepted by me by an Instrument supplementary to this Instrument.

Nothing in this Instrument shall empower the Dominion Legislature to make any law for this State authorizing the compulsory acquisition of land for any purpose, but I hereby undertake that should the Dominion for the purposes of a Dominion law which applies in this State deem it necessary to acquire any land, I will at their request acquire the land at their expense or if the land belongs to me transfer it to them on such terms as may be agreed, or, in default of agreement, determined by an arbitrator to be appointed by the Chief Justice of India.

Nothing in this Instrument shall be deemed to commit me in any way to acceptance of any future constitution of India or to fetter my discretion to enter into arrangements with the Government of India under any such future constitution.

Nothing in this Instrument affects the continuance of my sovereignty in and over this state, or, save as provided by or under this Instrument, the exercise of any powers, authority and rights now enjoyed by me as Ruler of this State or the validity of any law at present in force in this State.

I hereby declare that I execute this Instrument on behalf of this State and that any reference in this Instrument to me or to the Ruler of the State is to be construed as including a reference to my heirs and successors.

Given under my hand this 26th day of October, Nineteen Hundred and Forty Seven.

Acceptance of Instrument of Accession of Jammu and Kashmir State by the Governor General of India

I do hereby accept this Instrument of Accession.

Dated this Twenty-Seventh day of October Nineteen Hundred and Forty-Seven.

(Sd).Lord Mountbatten
Governor General of India

Schedule

The matters with respect to which the Dominion Legislature may make laws for this State.

Defence

The naval, military and air forces of the dominion and any other armed forces raised or maintained by the Dominion; any armed forces, incl forces raised or maintained by an acceding State, which are attached to, or operating with, any of the armed forces of the Dominion.

Naval, military and air force works, administration of cantonment areas.

Arms, fire-arms, ammunition.

Explosives.

External Affairs

External affairs; the implementing of treaties and agreements with other countries; extradition, including the surrender of criminals and accused persons to parts of His Majesty's Dominions outside India.

Admission into, and emigration and expulsion from, India including in relation thereto the regulation of the movements in India of persons who are not British subjects domiciled in India or subjects of any acceding State, pilgrimages to places beyond India.

Naturalization.

Communications

Posts and Telegraphs, including telephones, wireless, broadcasting, and other like forms of communications.

Federal Railways; the regulation of all railways other than minor railways in respect of safety, maximum and minimum rates and fare, stn and service terminal charges, interchange of traffic and the responsibility of railway Adm. as carriers of goods and passengers.

Maritime shipping and navigation, incl shipping and navigation in tidal waters; Admiralty jurisdiction.

Port quarantine.

Maj ports, that is to say, the declaration and delimitation of such ports, and the constitution and powers of Port Authorities therein.

Ac and air navigation; the provision of aerodromes; regulation and organization of air traffic and of aerodromes.

Lighthouses, incl lightships, beacons and other provisions for the safety of shipping and ac.

Carriage of passengers and goods by sea or by air.

Extension of the powers and jurisdiction of members of the police force belonging to any unit to railway area outside that unit.

Ancillary

Elections to the Dominion Legislature, subject to the provisions of the Act and of any order made thereunder.

Offences against laws with respect to any of the aforesaid matters.

Inquiries and statistics for the purpose of any of the aforesaid matters.

Jurisdiction and powers of all courts with respect to any of the aforesaid matters but, except with the consent of the Ruler of the Acceding State, not so as to confer any jurisdiction of powers upon any courts other than ordinarily exercising jurisdiction in or in relation to that State.

ఇది తాత్కాలికంగా చేరినదానికి సంబంధించిన ఒప్పందమని నాకయితే అనిపించటం లేదు.

2. కాశ్మీరులో ఫ్లెబిసైట్ నిర్వహించి ప్రజాభిప్రాయం ప్రకారం కాశ్మీరు స్వతంత్ర దేశంగా ఉండాలా, ఇండియా పాకిస్ధాన్ లలో ఏదో ఒక దేశంలో చేరాలా అన్నది నిర్ణయిస్తామని నెహ్రూ ప్రభుత్వం హామీ ఇచ్చింది.

ఐక్యరాజ్యసమితి తీర్మానం 47 ప్రకారం:

Recommends to the Governments of India and Pakistan the following measures as those which in the opinion of the Council are appropriate to bring about a cessation of the fighting and to create proper conditions for a free and impartial plebiscite to decide whether the State of Jammu and Kashmir is to accede to India or Pakistan:
A. Restoration of peace and order
1. The Government of Pakistan should undertake to use its best endeavours:
(a) To secure the withdrawal from the State of Jammu and Kashmir of tribesmen and Pakistani nationals not normally resident therein who have entered the State for the purpose of fighting, and to prevent any intrusion into the State of such elements and any furnishing of material aid to those fighting in the State;
(b) To make known to all concerned that the measures indicated in this and the following paragraphs provide full freedom to all subjects of the State, regardless of creed, caste or party, to express their views and to vote on the question of the accession of the State, and that therefore they should co-operate in the maintenance of peace and order.
2. The Government of India should:
(a) When it is established to the satisfaction of the Commission set up in accordance with the Council's resolution 39 (1948) that the tribesmen are withdrawing and that arrangements for the cessation of the fighting have become effective, put into operation in consultation with the Commission a plan for withdrawing their own forces from Jammu and Kashmir and reducing them progressively to the minimum strength required for the support of the civil power in the maintenance of law and order;
(b) Make known that the withdrawal is taking place in stages and announce the completion of each stage;
(c) When the Indian forces have been reduced to the minimum strength mentioned in (a) above, arrange in consultation with the Commission for the stationing of the remaining forces to be carried out in accordance with the following principles:
(i) That the presence of troops should not afford any intimidation or appearance of intimidation to the inhabitants of the State;
(ii) That as small a number as possible should be maintained in forward areas;
(iii) That any reserve of troops which may be included in the total strength should be located within their present base area.
3. The Government of India should agree that until such time as the Plebiscite Administration referred to below finds it necessary to exercise the powers of direction and supervision over the State forces and police provided for in paragraph 8, they will be held in areas to be agreed upon with the Plebiscite Administrator.
4. After the plan referred to in paragraph 2 (a) above has been put into operation, personnel recruited locally in each district should so far as possible be utilized for the re-establishment and maintenance of law and order with due regard to protection of minorites, subject to such additional requirements as may be specified by the Plebiscite Administration referred to in paragraph 7.
5. If these local forces should be found to be inadequate, the Commission, subject to the agreement of both the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan, should arrange for the use of such forces of either Dominion as it deems effective for the purpose of pacification.
B. Plebiscite
6. The Government of India should undertake to ensure that the Government of the State invite the major political groups to designate responsible representatives to share equitably and fully in the conduct of the administration at the ministerial level while the plebiscite is being prepared and carried out.
7. The Government of India should undertake that there will be established in Jammu and Kashmir a Plebiscite Administration to hold a plebiscite as soon as possible on the accession of the State to India or Pakistan.
8. The Government of India should undertake that there will be delegated by the State to the Plebiscite Administration such powers as the latter considers necessary for holding a fair and impartial plebiscite including, for that purpose only, the direction and supervision of the State forces and police.
9. The Government of India should, at the request of the Plebiscite Administration, make available from the Indian forces such assistance as the Plebiscite Administration may require for the performance of its functions.
10. (a) The Government of India should agree that a nominee of the Secretary-General of the United Nations will be appointed to be the plebiscite administrator.
(b) The Plebiscite Administrator, acting as an officer of the State of Jammu and Kashmir, should have authority to nominate his assistance and other subordinates and to draft regulations governing the plebiscite. Such nominees should be formally appointed and such draft regulations should be formally promulgated by the State of Jammu and Kashmir.
(c) The Government of India should understand that the Government of Jammu and Kashmir will appoint fully qualified persons nominated by the Plebiscite Administrator to act as special magistrates within the State judicial system to hear cases which in the opinion of the Plebiscite Administrator have a serious bearing on the preparation for and the conduct of a free and impartial plebiscite.
(d) The terms of service of the Administrator should form the subject of a separate negotiation between the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the Government of India. The Administrator should fix the terms of service for his assistants and subordinates.
(e) The Administrator should have the right to communicate directly with the Government of the State and with the Commission of the Security Council and, through the Commission, with the Security Council, with their Governments of India and Pakistan and with their representatives on the Commission. It would be his duty to bring to the notice of any or all of the foregoing (as he in his discretion may decide) any circumstances arising which may tend, in his opinion, to interfere with the freedom of the plebiscite.
11. The Government of India should undertake to prevent, and to give full support to the Administrator and his staff in preventing, any threat, coercion or intimidation, bribery or other undue influence on the voters in the plebiscite, and the Government of India should publicly announce and should cause the Government of the State to announce this undertaking as an international obligation binding on all public authorities and officials in Jammu and Kashmir.
12. The Government of India should themselves and through the Government of the State declare and make known that that all subjects of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, regardless of creed, caste or party, will be safe and free in expressing their views and in voting on the question of the accession of the State and that there will be freedom of the press, speech and assembly and freedom of travel in the State, including freedom of lawful entry and exit.
13. The Government of India should use and should ensure that the Government of the State also use their best endeavours to effect the withdrawal from the State of all Indian nationals other than those who are normally resident therein or who on or since 15 August 1947 have entered it for a lawful purpose.
14. The Government of India should ensure that the Government of the State releases all political prisoners and take all possible steps so that:
(a) All citizens of the State who have left it on account of disturbances are invited, and are free, to return to their homes and to exercise their rights as such citizens;
(b) There is no victimization;
(c) Minorities in all parts of the State are accorded adequate protection.
15. The Commission of the Security Council should at the end of the plebiscite certify to the Council whether the plebiscite has or has not been really free and impartial.
C. General provisions
16. The Governments of India and Pakistan should each be invited to nominate a representative to be attached to the Commission for such assistance as it may require in the performance of its task.
17. The Commission should establish in Jammu and Kashmir such observers as it may require of any of the proceedings in pursuance of the measures indicated in the foregoing paragraphs.
18. The Security Council Commission should carry out the tasks assigned to it herein.



"7" వ అంశాన్ని చూడండి - దానిలో ఎక్కడా స్వతంత్రదేశ ప్రస్తావన లేదు.

3. కాశ్మీరీలు ప్రత్యేక జాతికి చెందినవారు.

కాశ్మీరీలు ప్రత్యేక జాతట, పండితులు పాత్రం కాదట :)

4. ఏ టర్రరిజం అయినా ఊసుపోకకు పుట్టదు. దానికి స్పష్టమైన రాజకీయ కారణాలు ఉంటాయి. వారు ఎన్నుకున్న మార్గమే తప్పుగాని వారి రాజకీయ ఆకాంక్షలు డిమాండ్లలో తప్పులు ఎన్నడానికి అవకాశం ఉండదు.

మరి హిందూమతోన్మాదులంటూ  శ్రీరామసేన మీద ఇంత పోస్టెందుకు రాసినట్టో? లేకఓతే పై వాక్యం హిందూ అతివాదులకు వర్తించదా?

5. పాకిస్ధాన్, ఇండియాల సైన్యాలు కలుసుకున్న చోట నిలువునా గీత గీసి కాశ్మీరును ఆ రెండు దేశాల పంచుకున్నాయి.

మరి అక్సాయ్ చిన్ ప్రాంతాన్ని చైనా ఆక్రమించుకున్న విషయమో? ఎఱ్ఱదేశపు ఆక్రమణలు ఎఱ్ఱ బ్లాగర్లకు కనబడవా? అసలు టిబేట్ విషయంలో వీళ్ళు చేస్తున్న గోల ఎంత?

మరొకవిషయం - గీత గీసింది భారత పాకిస్తాన్ సైన్యాలు కలుసుకున్న చోట కాదు. అంతర్జాతీయ జోక్యం జరిగిన సమయానికి ఆ సైన్యాలు ఉన్న చోట. ఇంకా చెప్పాలంటే, భారత సైన్యం పాకిస్తాన్ సైన్యాన్ని శ్రీనగర్ పొలిమేరల నుండి ఎంతదాకా తరిమిందో అక్కడ. తమ ప్రియతమ దేశమైన పాకిస్తాన్ ఓటమిని కలలోకూడా ఒప్పుకోలేని భారతీయ ఎఱ్ఱ బ్లాగర్ల వ్రాతలు అలాగే ఉంటాయి మరి.


 


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ఇప్పుడు తెలియట్లేదూ అబద్ధాలు చెప్తోంది హిందువులో కమ్యూనిష్టులో?